Diaphragm / Cap

Reliability
92-96% effective
4-8 women in 100 will get pregnant a year.

How it works
It is a flexible dome made of rubber or silicone, which is covered with spermicide gel and put into the vagina to cover the cervix (the entrance to the womb). It prevents sperm from entering the womb and meeting an egg. Sex should occur within three hours of insertion and it must be left in place for at least six hours after intercourse.

Possible Side Effects

• Putting it in can be messy.
• It can interfere with / interrupt sex.
• Cystitis can be a problem.

Advantages / Benefits

• it can be put in before sex (more spermicide gel needs to be added if the diaphragm is put in more than three hours before intercourse)
• may protect against some sexually transmitted infections
• may protect against cancer of the cervix
• variety of types

Suitability

• Doctor needs to check suitability with an examination and assess for correct size
• less suitable for young people
• not suitable for those who dislike the idea
• for spacing families
• for older women
• for those unable to tolerate hormone methods and intrauterine devices

Who can provide it?
Sexual Health Services or GP.
Nurse may see after fitting has been done

Comments
Diaphragm / cap size must be checked every 6-12 months or if there is weight gain or loss more than 3Kg (7lb).
Diaphragm /cap must be checked after miscarriage, abortion or birth.